Thinking About Total Knee Replacement? Here’s What You Need to Know

If you or a loved one are considering a total knee replacement, it’s natural to have questions and concerns. This is a big decision, and understanding what it involves can help you feel confident and prepared. Let’s take a closer look at why knee replacement surgery might be recommended, how to prepare, what the procedure entails, and what recovery looks like. We’ll also explore alternatives to help you make an informed choice.

Why Consider Total Knee Replacement?

Knee replacement surgery is most commonly performed to relieve severe pain and stiffness caused by osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or a traumatic injury. Over time, these conditions can damage the cartilage in your knee, making everyday activities like walking, climbing stairs, or even getting out of bed a challenge.

When non-surgical treatments—such as physiotherapy, medications, or injections—are no longer effective, a total knee replacement might be the next step. The goal is to reduce pain, restore function, and improve your quality of life.

Alternatives to Knee Replacement Surgery

Before opting for surgery, it’s worth exploring alternatives that could delay or even eliminate the need for a knee replacement:

• Physiotherapy: Tailored exercises to strengthen the muscles around your knee and improve flexibility.

• Medications: Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs can help manage symptoms.

• Steroid Injections: Corticosteroid injections can reduce inflammation and provide temporary relief.

• Hyaluronic Acid Injections: These can lubricate the joint, though their effectiveness varies.

• Lifestyle Changes: Weight management and low-impact activities like swimming or cycling can ease pressure on your knee.

• Knee Braces or Supports: These can help stabilise the joint and reduce discomfort.

Discuss these options with your doctor to see if they’re suitable for you.

Preparing for Surgery

If you decide to proceed with a total knee replacement, preparation is key to a smooth experience and recovery. Here are some steps to take:

1. Consultation and Assessment: Your surgeon will assess your overall health, the extent of knee damage, and whether surgery is right for you.

2. Pre-Surgery Exercises: Strengthening your muscles can aid recovery. A physiotherapist can guide you through suitable exercises.

3. Home Preparations: Arrange your living space for easier mobility post-surgery. Consider moving essential items to the ground floor and installing grab rails in the bathroom.

4. Health Optimisation: Stop smoking, maintain a healthy diet, and manage any existing conditions like diabetes or high blood pressure.

How the Surgery Is Done

Total knee replacement is performed under general anaesthetic or spinal anaesthetic. The procedure typically takes one to two hours.

1. Incision: The surgeon makes a cut at the front of the knee to access the joint.

2. Removing Damaged Tissue: The damaged bone and cartilage are carefully removed.

3. Implant Placement: The surgeon fits the artificial joint components, usually made of metal, ceramic, or plastic, and secures them in place.

4. Closing the Incision: The wound is closed with stitches or staples, and a dressing is applied.

Due to medical advancements, most patients stay in hospital for only one to two days, though this may vary depending on individual circumstances.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Recovery from a total knee replacement can take several months, but the results are often life-changing. Here’s what to expect:

• Early Days: You’ll begin moving your knee within 24 hours of surgery, often with the help of a physiotherapist.

• Pain Management: Pain is normal initially but can be managed with prescribed medications.

• Rehabilitation: Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in regaining strength, flexibility, and mobility. Sticking to your exercise programme is essential.

• Gradual Progress: You’ll use walking aids initially but should be able to return to most normal activities within 6-12 weeks.

• Long-Term Outlook: Most knee replacements last 15-20 years, and many patients experience significant pain relief and improved function.

  

A Supportive Decision

Choosing to have a total knee replacement is a personal decision that depends on your unique circumstances. It’s important to weigh the benefits against the risks and recovery time, and to have open conversations with your healthcare team.

If you’d like to learn more, visit the NHS knee replacement page for trusted information and resources. Whatever path you choose, know that support is available every step of the way.